历年高考英语真题分类汇编--语法填空(含答案)

1. 2022年全国甲卷

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked （徒步） 40 days to Xi'an，as a first step （1）______ （journey） the Belt and Road route （路线） by foot.

On the 1，100-kilometer journey，the man Cao Shengkang，（2）______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident，crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation（3）______ （hold） in Beijing，Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute （致敬） to the ancient Silk Road.（4）______friend of his，Wu Fan，volunteered to be his companion during the trip.

Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road，in order to promote environmental（5）______ （protect）.Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more（6）______ （meaning）.The two of them collected more than 1，000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.

In the last five years，Cao（7）______ （walk） through 34 countries in six continents，and in 2016，he reached the top of Kilimanjaro，Africa's（8）______ （high） mountain.

Now，Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route.He flew 4，700 kilometers （9）______ Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept.20，（10）______ （plan） to hike back to Xi'an in five months. 2. 2022年全国乙卷

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 61 the United Nations on November 27th, 2022. To celebrate 62 festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.

The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 63 (address)the opening ceremony. As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the (large)tea-producing country, China has a 65 (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 66 (share)future for mankind, he said. The First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative issued(发布)at

the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 67 cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion—Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative.

68 (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, 69 (invite)twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕)at the ceremony, opening 70 (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Puer Tea.

3. 2022年全国1卷

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). 56 (cover) an area about three times 57 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 58 (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 59 (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.

After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 60 (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 61 leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations\". The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 62 (population) and homes of giant pandas, and 63 (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.

Giant pandas also serve an umbrella species (物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species

65 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 4. 2022年全国2卷

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young childhanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony（阳台）, Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the 56 （fall）child.

Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy

isin the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.

____57 Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the dayof the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell 58 （sleep）while watching TV.

Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed achair onto the balcony, and climbed up 59 （see）them. When he looked down, he 60 （accidental）slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes 61 screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.

Henry 62 （fix）his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and sawEric hanging from the balcony. He quickly 63 （throw）his tools aside, and started running, arms out.

\"He saved my （son）life,\" said Mrs. Brown. \"I don't know 65 to thank him.”

\"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt,\" said Henry. 5. 2022年北京卷

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

Helen was walking down the street late 11 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn't notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 12 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 13 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!

B

Why do humans prefer some smells over others One theory, increasingly 14___ (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It's easy to explain how we determine 15 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally. 16 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.

C

Since people can't always eat out or cook for 17 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 18 are only good for one use. That's a big problem and it is getting even 19 (bad). The use of those plastics 20 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won't survive if this situation continues. 6. 2022年6月浙江卷

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting 56 (appreciate) by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not 57 (do). John Olson, a former 58 (photograph), and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.

The tactile (可触知的) paintings work as a way to show art to 59 blind because we don’t see with just our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity — the brain’s adaptability — shows that the visual cortex (大脑皮层) is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their 60 (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of 61 (sight) people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.

Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly 62 age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa,” he 63 (notice) her smile right away. “I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means (independent). “The feeling of being able to see it 65 to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.”

7. 2021年全国甲卷

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It ____1____（build） originally to protect the city ____2____the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）. It is possible ____3____（walk）or bike the entire 14 kilometers

We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.

After ____4____（spend）some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ____5____（good）than to ride on a piece of history!

We ____6____（hire）our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ____7____did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ____8____way around the Xian City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ____9____（watchtower）to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ____10____（day）routines.

8. 2021年全国乙卷

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62 (develop) of the local areas.

Ecotourism has 63 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.

Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:

·Minimize the impact of 67 (visit) the place. ·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. ·Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. ·Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.

Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 9. 2021年全国1卷

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. 56 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 57 （human）are.

The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 58 （undoubted）help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 59 （hot）the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us 60 （astonish）.

What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it 61 （be）for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 62 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 63 （ache）legs.

As the song goes, this long and winding road \"will never disappear\

always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in （I）. While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is 65 must to visit! 10. 2021年全国2卷

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I've always loved the ocean. In the 1 (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage,＿2＿(think)it is food.

I decided to do something ＿3＿ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company 4 used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.

One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws (吸管). I found the contact information of the company

____5____ emailed its president. I told him how ＿__ 6＿__ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so ____7____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.

I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to 8 (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____9 ____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over ____10_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 11. 2021年1月浙江卷

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index(体重指数） across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 56 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.

BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 57 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 58 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 59 (consider) healthy.

The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 60 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain

61 (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes\" in the geography of BMI. In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 62 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many

countries had narrowed 63 (sharp).

This may be due to some disadvantages for people (live) in the countryside, including 65 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 12. 2021年6月浙江卷

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___36___（prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored（修复）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it ___37___ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___38___（marry）ceremony in 1842.

When the house was built, it was much ___39___（small）than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, \"The little home ___40___（paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ___41___（she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order.

Although Mary loved flowers, ___42___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ___43___ （plant）flowers in the front yard.

___44___ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ____45____ （sell）most of their furniture. 13. 2020年全国1卷

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South

Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)” Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.

14. 2020年全国2卷

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year

Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62 (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.

These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:

Oranges: Orange trees are more decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.

Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents.

Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life. 15. 2020年全国3卷

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In ancient China lived an artist ____61____ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their ____62____ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would. _____63______ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River - perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.

Filled with ________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. ____65___ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and _____66____ (point) down the river. The next morning

he hired a boat and set out ____67____ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved. ____68____ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the

mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue; And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds _____69____ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist ____70____ earth, Mother Nature. 16. 2020年北京卷

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food___1___(play) a big role in his life. \"My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try,\" he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're___2___(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them___3___you can join in when it's possible.

B

Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they___4___(throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years___5___(break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trop sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart___6___countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of___7___(country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them.

C

A piece of stone___8___(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals___9___（live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were____10____（smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise. 17. 2020年6月浙江卷

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ___56___, through agriculture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on ___57___ could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on

animals they had raised and crops they had sown.

Farming produced more food per person ___58___ hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food ___59___(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology ___60___(change) lives.

By about 6000 BC, people ___61___ (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learned to work with the ___62___ (season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, ___63___ (make) use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.

This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with ______ rise of science, changes began. New methods _____65_____ (mean) that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so, these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers (化肥) have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age. 18. 2020年1月浙江卷

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Something significant is happening to the world population — it is aging. The median (中位数的) age of an American in 1950 56 (be) 30 — today it is 41 and is expected 57 (increase) to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the 58 (number) are more striking — 22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65; by 2050, it will be one in six.

This aging of the population is driven 59 two factors. The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large 60 (compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes 61 (old) than before. This is 62 (particular) true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has 63 very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.

People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should (place) on longevity (长寿). It isn’t just that people are, on average, living longer. It’s also that they are on average healthier 65

more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy. 19. 2020年山东卷

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, ___36___ (wealth) people travelled and

collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big ___37___ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ___38___ (form) the core collection of the British Museum ___39___ opened in 1759.

The parts of a museum open to the public ___40___ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection ___41___ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.

Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine ___42___ (they) living at a different time in history or ___43___(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical ___44___ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete ____45____people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.

参

1. 2022年全国甲卷

（1）to journey（2）who（3）held（4）A（5）protection

（6）meaningful（7）has walked（8）highest（9）from（10）planning 2. 2022年全国乙卷

41. by 42. the 43. addressed 44. largest 45. responsibility 46. shared 47. and 48. To strengthen 49. inviting 50. its 3.2022年全国1卷

56. Covering 57. the 58. were 59. to increase 60. is designed 61. and 62. populations 63. eventually . as 65. that 4. 2022年全国2卷

5. 2022年北京卷

11．in；12．to harm；13．caught 14．supported；15．whether；16．has

17．themselves；18．which；19．worse；20．has increased 6. 2022年6月浙江卷

56. be appreciated 57. to do 58. photographer 59. the 60. existing 61. sighted 62. at 63. noticed . independence 65. and 7. 2021年全国甲卷

1. was built. 2. in. 3. to walk. 4. spending. 5. better. 6. hired. 7. but. 8. the. 9. watchtowers. 10. daily. 8.2021年全国乙卷

61. educated 62. development 63. its . until 65. the 66. of 67. visiting 68.financial 69. activities 70. have 9.2021年全国1卷

56. What 57. humans 58. undoubtedly 59. hotter

60. astonished 61. was 62. and 63. aching . mine 65. a

10.2021年全国2卷

1. seventh 2. thinking 3. to educate 4. that/which 5. and 6. harmful 7. excited 8. was 9. representative 10. from 11.2021年1月浙江卷

56. and 57.that/which 58. person's 59. is considered 60.by 61. was 62. studied 63. sharply .living 65. lower 12.2021年6月浙江卷

36．has proved/has proven 37．for 38．marriage 39．smaller 40．was painted 41．herself 42．neither 43．to plant 44．The 45．sold 13.2020年全国1卷 61. touched 62. extremely 63. where . interest 65. than 66. to find 67. means

68. is constructed 69. much 70. its

14.2020年全国2卷

61. celebration 62. carries 63. coming . than 65. decorated 66. Certainly 67. with 68. to care 69. beautiful 70. the 15.2020年全国3卷

61. whose 62. finest 63.be chosen . curiosity 65. When/As。 66. pointed 67. to find 68. gently 69. surrounding 70. on 16.2020年北京卷

1. plays/has played/is playing/has been playing 2. lucky 3. if/whether 4. are thrown 5. to break 6. into/to 7. countries 8. found 9. lived/had lived/had been living 10. than 17. 2020年6月浙江卷

56. in 57. what 58. than 59. was needed 60. to change 61. had discovered 62. seasons 63. making . the 65. meant 18. 2020年1月浙江卷

56. was 57. to increase 58. numbers 59. by 60. compared

61. older 62. particularly 63. a . be placed 65. and 19.2020年山东卷

36. wealthy 37. or 38. formed 39. which/that 40. are called 41. is 42. themselves 43. walking 44. accuracy 45. for