任务型读写专项讲解
考纲解读:
任务型阅读,要求考生根据阅读文章提供的信息用恰当的词语完成与短文相关的图表,并有一定字数的。 题目类型:
题目本身也有一定的逻辑顺序,考生可以利用这一规律快速检索所需信息并做出正确的判断。归纳起来可以分为以下三种类型。
(1)信息筛选题(基础题):要求学生能快速在文章中查找相关细节,锁定信息来源,并用文章中的词或其适当形式填空。例如:2009年安徽高考英语80题和83题。 (2)信息转换题(活用题):灵活考查学生在知识重组的基础上,运用多种表达方式表意的能力,突显遣词造句能力的考查。比如,用意义相同或相反的词完成句子的能力。同时,在限定一空一词的要求下,更需要考生有逆向思维的能力。这种类型的题目一般不能直接在文章中找到题目给出的句子,需要考生在捕捉到相关信息之后,将捕捉到的信息进行整合转换。例如:2009年安徽高考英语77题、78题、79题和85题。
(3)信息综合题(综合概括题):要求考生能够准确无误地概括出文章的主题或行(栏)的标题,考查学生概括与推断的能力,归纳、抽象并提炼出文章主旨或者重要信息的能力,也就是在语篇结构解读基础上的信息转换能力。例如:2009年安徽高考英语76题、81题、82题和84题。 解题技巧 I.信息筛选题
1.解题关键: 根据问题查找定位信息。
2.常用方法: 带着问题有意识地在关键处做标记。如: (1)5W and 1H:
who, what ,when, where ,why ,how (2)时间先后:
first , then , after ,that , next, finally (3)因果:
because , thus , lead to, cause, as a result (4)比较 :
similarly, differently (5)转折:
but, while, however, instead, on the contrary II.信息转换题
1.解题关键: 根据问题查找定位信息,加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式。 2. 常见的 转换方式
(1).词性转换 (2).句子结构转换 (3).同义词和反义词转换 (4).前缀和后缀转换 (5).另选其它词来释义 III.信息综合题 概括性词的特征:
1. 概括性(在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息);
2. 针对性(不能太大也不能太小,量体裁衣,大小适度) 3. 醒目性(注意措辞) 部分概括性词:
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reasons causes
results effects consequences advice suggestions opinions problems measures solutions ways features characteristics advantages disadvantages differences similarities types forms
names age sex time cost event purpose 牛刀小试:
词形转换能力
1.用所给词适当形式填空。
The car rushed at the bridge at an ________ speed. (astonish) The postal _______here is very unreliable. (serve) He was an headmaster before _______. (retire) The exam was _______ easy. (relative) 2. 英语文释义与浓缩概括能力
The boy felt _____________ with his new classmates. (not comfortable) If you____________ your diet, trouble will follow. (pay no attention to )
逆向思维能力
3.根据提示用意义相反的词完成各句,每格一词。
I am _____to cycle to school because my bicycle is broken.( be able to do) There has been a steady ______ in population in this city. (increase) The _____ road made the car vibrate. (smooth)
词形转换 Change the following into adjective forms
Create peace Beauty frustrate
Friend change Change the following into noun forms
Develop invent strong Honest real decide Able kind 提示:仅限一词
1 .Kate was born in China(释义)
Kate’s ____________ is China.
2. He didn’t pass the final examination. (反义词)
He _______ the final examination
3.Tom couldn't agree with his boss’s decision more. (同义词) Tom __________his boss’s decision. 4. The lady was not happy. (前缀) The lady was __________.
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consider
5. As we all know, if someone wants to pass this exam, he ought to prepare for it well. (词性转换) Good ____________ is key to passing this exam. 句型转换练习:(限一词)
1、as many as sixty up to __________ 2、make one’s dream come true ________ one’s dream
3、be made up of __________of
4、be of great value be _____________ 5、to make matters worse what’s _________
6、Everyone needs not only hard work but also some skills to learn English well. Everyone needs some skills _______ hard work to learn English well.
7、The traveler stopped as if he wanted to find a place to relax himself. The traveler stopped as if a place to relax himself.
8、Animals which have this same family of genes do not gain weight easily as other animals. Animals this same family of genes do not gain weight easily as other animals.
“任务型阅读”,有什么样的解题方法?文章表格略读抓住文章的框架及每段大意分析表格结构和内容准确定位填空的要求(以时间地点因果对比性设题) 扫读深入理解文章内容细读查读转换信息正确表述归纳概括 3
“任务型阅读”,解题时要注意什么?三审1、审大题2、审小题认真阅读句表格及其子类中的内容,注意其横向、短纵向的类语别规律和类表达方式。3、审格式任务型阅读题为主观性试题,答题一定要符合题目要求、句子结构要求、同类或同栏表达一致性要求;要注意大小写、字迹等细节问题,以规范答题,求得最佳解题效果。 即看清楚答题要求,尤其是“注意”后的具体要求:在答题的过程中,能自始至终贯彻这一要求。
解题时要注意什么?1.审文章提示①.字数的②.是否可以用原文中的单词。①.整个文章结构(大小标题)对应三2.审结构表达短语类②.内容表达审句子类①.字母大小写②.名词的数和格3.审语法运用③.动词的形式④.形容词副词的比较级最高级解题时一定要牢记在心⑤. 连词,介词⑥. 时态语态,主谓一致,第三人称等 4