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2020年高考全国一卷英语语法填空详解

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China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. (思路点拨:看到动词要先确定是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。如果是谓语动词,要从时态、语态和主谓一致三方面考虑。如果是非谓语动词,则需要做进一步分析,确定用不定式、动名词还是分词。此处touch为谓语动词,根据last week确定用过去时,且和主语主动the unmanned Chang’e-4 probe为主动关系,故61空填touched。)

Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. (思路点拨: extreme为形容词,在语法填空中,形容词的考察主要有两方面:第一是考察其比较等级,第二是考察形容词变副词,所以需要瞻前顾后寻找线索词。本句主干为主系表结构,challenging是形容词,形容词前面应该用副词修饰,故该空应填extremely。)

Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. (思路点拨:语法填空中没有给出词汇的空一般考察冠介连代四类词,解题依据仍是瞻前顾后,注意上下文线索。该句空前是个完整句子China first had to put a satellite,空后也是个有主谓结构的句子,英语中两句话连接需要连词。进一步后一句为修饰spot的定语从句,连词在从句中做地点状语,故填where.)

The far side of the moon is of particular (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), (思路点拨:空前面为of particular…,是一个介词短语,particular是形容词用在名词前修饰名词,a提示名词为单数可数名词,故此处填interest.)more so 65 the familiar near side.(思路点拨:本句为一个省略结构,承接前

一部分,完整句子应该是:It has more deep craters______ the familiar near side.看出这个结构,本空选择就很明确,比较状语从句连词:more)

翻译:中国成为第一个在月球远端着陆航天器的国家。无人驾驶的\"嫦娥四号\"探测器上周在南极艾特肯盆地的着陆。这一名字的灵感来自中国古代月亮女神---嫦娥。登陆月球的远端是机具挑战性的。因为月球球体阻断了与探测器的直接无线电通信,所以中国首先不得不将一颗卫星送入月球上方的轨道的某一点,以便向航天器和地球发送信号。科学家们对月球的远端非常感兴趣,因为此处比大家熟悉的月球近侧有更很多环形山。

Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find))(思路点拨:如前所述,看到动词之后需要确定谓语非谓语,此处为非谓语动词,进一步分析做目的状语,所以用不定式to find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. "This really excites scientists," Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, "because it 67 (mean) (思路点拨:考察谓语动词,一般现在时主动结构,主语为第三人称单数,故填means。)we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)(思路点拨:考察谓语动词,一般现在时被动结构,主语为第三人称单数,故填is constructed。)"

中国研究人员希望利用嫦娥四号上的仪器发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。布朗大学的科学家卡勒·彼得斯说:\"这真的让科学家兴奋不已,因为这意味着我们有机会获得月球构造的信息\"。

Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 (思路点拨:考察宾语从句连词,根据翻译确定此处表达“多少”,修饰不可数名词故用how much)ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it))(思路点拨:根据语义及

语法判断,选择its) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.

有关月球成分的数据,如冰和其他宝藏的含量,可以帮助中国决定其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。

答案:

61. touched 62. extremely 63. where . interest 65. than

66. to find 67. means 68. is constructed 69. much 70. Its

本篇中,动词考点出现四次,连词两次为考察冠词和介词,难度适中。解题重要原则,牢记四个字:瞻前顾后!

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