2021北京西城高三(上)期末英语(教师版)

2021北京西城高三（上）期末

英 语

2021.1

本试卷共14页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Past the breakers, about 50 feet from shore, two brothers were fighting for their lives. They had been swept out to sea in a strong current, their mouths barely able to stay above the 1 . Thick fog made it difficult for beachgoers to see the guys, but the screams were unmistakable. And every second counted.

2 , four surfers in wet suits were nearby. Narayan Weibel, Spenser Stratton, Adrian York and Taj Ortiz-Beck, all 16, were on their surfboards riding up and down the coast on five-foot waves when they heard the 3 . They turned and saw two bobbing (摆动) heads and four flailing (扑打) arms. “We looked at each other and knew these guys were about to drown (淹死),” Weibel told the reporter.

Weibel, Stratton, and Ortiz-Beck paddled (用桨划) toward the swimmers while York headed to shore to find someone to call 911. He then dived back in to 4 his friends. As the surfers drew close, the brothers were 5 . Ortiz-Beck pulled up alongside the one brother. Grabbing him under his arms, he pulled him up onto his board. Stratton and Weibel, meanwhile, were trying to help the other. He was large, 250 to 300 pounds, and he was panicked. “Calm down—we 6 you!” Weibel shouted.

York arrived 7 to help get the guy on top of the second board. They then paddled several minutes through a wild current to the medical help waiting onshore. The brothers were scared but 8 . “When we get a call like this one, it’s usually too 9 by the time we get there,” says Dillon Cleavenger, the lifeguard, “I can’t say enough about what these boys did. They were willing and prepared to 10 their lives.” 1. A. board

B. water

C. ship C. Surely C. words C. help

D. shore D. Gradually D. cries D. greet D. stretching D. followed D. in advance D. fine

2. A. Luckily 3. A. news 4. A. invite 5. A. striking 6. A. met 7. A. in fear 8. A. proud

B. Surprisingly B. stories B. guide B. struggling B. got B. in turn B. strong

C. strengthening C. knew C. in time C. satisfied

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9. A. late 10. A. save

B. busy B. change

C. far C. risk

D. difficult D. share

第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

It was my first night out in that city, and when I saw the last bus home disappearing round the corner, I knew I had a problem. It was cold and I couldn’t afford a taxi, 11 I didn’t want to bother my host family by asking them to pick me up. So I set off on foot, 12 (tell) myself it would only take me an hour or so. Four hours later, I was still walking. I was soaked (湿透的) through and my hands were frozen. When I eventually reached the house, the family said how 13 (worry) they’d been, and asked why I hadn’t phoned. By then I wished I had.

B

The United Nations Children’s Fund, also known as UNICEF, is a United Nations organization based in New York. It offers help needed by children all over the world.

UNICEF 14 (found) on 11 December, 1946 to provide food and healthcare to children in countries damaged in World War II. Since 1953, UNICEF 15 (take) up an extended mission to help children in the developing world, including those living with disease or disabilities, and those affected by rapid modernization and environmental 16 (problem). Now, UNICEF has been working 17 (improve) the lives of children and their families across 190 countries and territories.

C

Online eating shows, or Mukbang, originated in South Korea and have gained 18 (popular) globally. Many hosts of such shows become popular for their ability to eat large amounts of food. But these shows have also received criticism 19 their waste of food. On Aug. 12, CCTV exposed several Chinese hosts who were pretending to eat large amounts of food while on camera, but actually later threw it away. To discourage this practice, many video and livestreaming platforms, including Douyin, Kuaishou and Bilibili, have removed videos 20 show food waste, and have promoted messages to “stop food waste and eat reasonably”.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A



What Are We Talking About?

It’s called the Mozzy Watch. It is a stylish and comfortable band that instantly brings peace of mind, for it keeps those annoying mosquitoes away. It is made of a hardened ceramic material, so it is very tough and almost unbreakable. But how this device protects you against annoying insects is truly amazing…

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 __________________________________________

Mozzy Watch uses ultrasonic sounds to repel (驱除) mosquitoes and flies! These ultrasonic frequencies are completely harmless to humans and pets. At first, we were skeptical about how this device could work without the use of chemicals. So, we decided to test it and the results were amazing. Everyone on our team experienced wonderful results after using Mozzy Watch.

 Key Mozzy Watch Features, Facts, and Benefits:

□ Completely safe Everyone can use this device: kids, pregnant women and even pets. It uses no chemicals and the ultrasonic sounds it produces have been proven safe.

□ Comfortable Mozzy Watch is lightweight and stylish.

□ Rechargeable with long battery life It can be charged using a normal USB charger and the battery can last up to one week.

□ Improves quality of sleep No more annoying buzzing mosquito sounds around your ears.

 How Much Does the Mozzy Watch Cost?

The Mozzy Watch is just $79.90, which is more than worth it, considering how much you save on the long run. But it gets even better! If you click on any of the promotional discount coupons below, you’ll get it for $49 AND FREE SHIPPING WORLDWIDE!

 How Do I Get the Mozzy Watch?

Now that you know about this amazing new product, order one from the official supplier’s website here: https://top.com/mozzywatch

Enjoy peace of mind free from annoying mosquitoes and insects! 21. Which would be the best heading for Paragraph 2?

A. Why Do We Need Mozzy Watch? B. Who Are Suitable To Wear Mozzy Watch? C. How Does Mozzy Watch Work To Protect You? D. How Did Our Team Do the Test On Mozzy Watch? 22. How does the author promote Mozzy Watch to consumers?

A. By describing its stylish design in detail. B. By highlighting its unique technical features. C. By offering feedback from thousands of users. D. By giving special buy-one-get-one-free discounts.

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23. On what kind of website would you probably find this article?

A. Health. C. Entertainment.

B. Opinion. D. Sports.

B

Kajal moved to the United States in February 2017. Having previously volunteered for two years as an assistant yoga teacher in her home country, Kajal was enthusiastic about volunteering and began looking for volunteer opportunities that match her interests on VolunteerMatch. “I enjoy volunteering and it’s a way to make an impact in my new community,” says Kajal.

Kajal was drawn to a volunteer opportunity with the Meridian International Center to review applications on behalf of the Young Leaders of the Americas Initiative (YLAI). Kajal had previous experience, and the position also afforded her the opportunity to work remotely. After connecting with the opportunity on VolunteerMatch and successfully completing the application process, Kajal got to work. Her role involved reviewing applications from potential candidates for a four-week fellowship in the U.S. She was responsible for describing the business ideas presented by these candidates, assessing the social impact of their businesses, and determining the strength of candidates to carry out their plans.

With almost 4,000 applicants in 2017, Meridian International Center considers volunteers like Kajal to be integral (必要的) members of the team. With help from volunteers, 250 candidates have now been selected to take part in the program and will travel to the U.S. this fall.

Kajal says that this volunteer opportunity super-charged her existing skills, while helping her build new ones such as time management, business analysis, decision-making, planning, and presenting.

She is now looking for her next volunteer opportunity and reflects positively on her experience with Meridian International Center, “A new country brings in a lot of new experiences and volunteering helped me to settle into a new environment,” adds Kajal. “By helping others, I felt needed in society. Not only did it improve my self-esteem (自尊), other people benefited too. Volunteering is a great opportunity to improve yourself, others, and the whole society”.

24. Why did Kajal look for a volunteering opportunity in the U.S.?

A. She wanted to do something for her new community. B. She needed a chance to meet new people. C. She wanted to remember her yoga class. D. She needed to improve her social skills. 25. One of Kajal’s jobs in YLAI is ________.

A. raising the candidates’ self-esteem B. building the candidates’ existing skills C. helping the candidates do some volunteer work D. judging the social impact of candidates’ businesses

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26. How does Kajal feel about her experience with Meridian International Center?

A. Rewarding. C. Relaxing.

B. Tiring. D. Challenging.

C

Hundreds of people die at sea every year due to ship and airplane accidents. Emergency teams have little time to rescue those in the water because the probability of finding a person alive fall dramatically after six hours. Beyond tides and challenging weather conditions, unsteady coastal currents often make search and rescue operations extremely difficult.

New insight into coastal flows gained by an international research team led by George Haller, Professor of Nonlinear Dynamics at ETH Zurich, promises to enhance the search and rescue techniques currently in use. Using tools from dynamical systems theory and ocean data, the team has developed an algorithm (算法) to predict where objects and people floating in water will go. “Our work has a clear potential to save lives,” says Mattia Serra, the first author of a study recently published in Nature Communications.

In today’s rescue operations at sea, complicated models of ocean dynamics and weather forecasting are used to predict the path of floating objects. For fast-changing coastal waters, however, such predictions are often inaccurate due to uncertain boundaries and missing data. As a result, a search may be launched in the wrong location, causing a loss of precious time.

Haller’s research team obtained mathematical results predicting that objects floating on the ocean’s surface should gather along a few special curves (曲线) which they call TRansient Attracting Profiles (TRAPs). These curves can’t be seen with our eyes but can be tracked from instant ocean surface current data using recent mathematical methods developed by the ETH team. This enables quick and precise planning of search paths that are less sensitive to uncertainties in the time and place of the accident.

In cooperation with a team from MIT, the ETH team tested their new, TRAP-based search algorithm in two separate ocean experiments near Martha’s Vineyard, which is on the northeastern coast of the United States. Working from the same real-time data available to the Coast Guard, the team successfully identified TRAPs in the region in real time. They found that buoys and manikins (浮标和人体模型) thrown in the water indeed quickly gathered along these emerging curves. “Of several competing approaches tested in this project, this was the only algorithm that consistently found the right location,” says Haller.

“Our results are rapidly obtained, easy to interpret and cheap to perform,” points out Serra. Haller stresses: “Our hope is that this method will become a standard part of the tool kit of coast guards everywhere.” 27. In a search and rescue operation, .

A. the survival rate drops to almost zero after six hours B. the use of dynamics leads to the wrong location C. weather conditions are a determining factor D. changing currents present a challenge 28. What is the distinct feature of the new algorithm?

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A. It relies on ocean dynamics. B. It tracks the path of the curves.

C. It stops the uncertainties of the accident. D. It figures out how tides change over time. 29. Paragraph 5 mainly talks about .

A. the collection of data B. the testing of the algorithm C. the identification of the TRAPs D. the cooperation of two research teams 30. What is the best title for the passage?

A. Why Success Rates of Rescue Operations have Fallen B. Why Algorithms are Popular in Rescue Operations C. How Mathematics Can Save Lives at Sea D. How Coastal Waters Affect Saving Lives

D

Recently the term “climate anxiety” has been used to better describe our growing concerns about climate change. While there is evidence that climate anxiety can be identified and reliably measured, what’s less clear is how it relates to mental illness. Mental health providers across the world are noting the presence of climate anxiety in their patients; however, the degree to which it is influencing mental illness is not yet clear, though evidence addressing this question is slowly growing.

For years now, mental health clinicians have seen climate anxiety influencing presentations of mental illness in a variety of ways, some extreme. Recent studies are starting to look at links between climate anxiety and mental illness in larger samples to help better understand the directionality of their relationship. In a U.S. survey of more than 340 people published in 2018, climate concerns were associated with depressive symptoms (症状). Ecological coping, which includes pro-environmental behaviors such as reducing energy consumption, appeared to be protective against depression, indicating that climate concerns and the poor coping skills used to address them could be causing depressive symptoms.

So who might be more at risk of mental illness secondary to the uncertainties around climate change? Unsurprisingly, climate anxiety appears higher in individuals with more concern about environmental issues at baseline and those already experiencing direct effects of climate change. Climatologists also face increased risk given their in-depth knowledge on the issue coupled with the upsetting task of trying to convey it to individuals and governments that often deny or downplay it. People with high levels of neuroticism, a personality trait that increases susceptibility to mental illness, are also likely to be at high risk.

Some individuals report adaptive responses to climate anxiety like adopting pro-environmental behaviors and participating in collective action, while others are unable to respond behaviorally at all. It’s not yet clear how these varying

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reactions manifest (呈现) on a population level and how they’re influencing humanity’s response to climate change. However, a recent survey of nearly 200 people found that, while climate anxiety was associated with an emotional response to climate change, it was not correlated with a behavioral response.

If this is true for humanity as a whole, we must urgently help motivate the anxious among us. Doing so successfully will require many approaches, such as delivering cognitive-behavioral therapy (认知行为疗法) to the most severely affected and demonstrating to entire populations that change is possible by better publicizing productive efforts by organizations to reduce their carbon footprints. We can’t let climate anxiety stop us from responding to climate change, because now, more than ever, we need action, not inaction. 31. What can be learned from the first two paragraphs?

A. Mental illness may increase the risk of climate anxiety. B. Reducing energy consumption can help treat depression. C. Failure to handle climate anxiety may cause depressive symptoms. D. The influence of climate anxiety on mental illness can be measured. 32. The underlined phrase “secondary to” in Paragraph 3 probably means . A. as a result of C. as serious as

B. less important than D. regardless of

33. Which of the following might be effective in helping the anxious overcome climate anxiety?

A. Publicizing the latest research on climate anxiety. B. Funding studies into cognitive-behavioral therapies. C. Delivering speeches to anxious people on a regular basis. D. Informing the public of practical ways to live a greener life. 34. What is the purpose of this passage?

A. To reveal consequences of climate anxiety. B. To show new findings about climate anxiety. C. To compare climate anxiety and mental illness. D. To demand care for those experiencing climate anxiety.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever been labeled a “perfectionist”? Or do you consider yourself to be one? It’s attractive to see perfectionism as a positive quality—it shows that we pay close attention to detail and get things right! And, it is often viewed as a strength that helps people to produce high-quality work. 35 It can damage self-esteem, cause relationship 7 / 13

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problems, and, in extreme cases, it may even lead to serious health problems. If you think that you have a problem with perfectionism, the following strategies can help you to lessen its negative effects.

Set realistic goals. 36 Instead, learn to think about your most important life and career goals. Then, break them down into smaller steps. Not only will this make it easier to reach your objectives, but you’ll also experience the thrill of achieving them.

37 If you’re feeling anxious or unhappy about a task, they may be telling you that you’re trying to achieve the impossible. And adjust your targets accordingly! Perfectionists are often likely to start negative self-talk. If you catch yourself doing this, stop! Try using thought awareness to question your negative thoughts and add some positivity!

Focus on the bigger picture. Perfectionism can cause “tunnel vision”—when you focus on one small part of something but ignore the rest. You might, for instance, focus on getting a minor part of a presentation right, like the special effects, instead of concentrating on the meaning that you are trying to deliver. Remember to keep your focus on the bigger picture. 38 Relax and go with the flow. The pursuit of perfection can make it extremely difficult to relax. And perfectionists prefer to maintain focus and to stick to their carefully laid plans. But relaxation isn’t just necessary for a healthy life. It can also improve your productivity and well-being. And you’ll be better at keeping perfectionism under control if you’re feeling rested, clear-headed and happy. 39 Get outside, be open to new experiences and new people, make use of relaxation techniques, and recognize when you need to switch off.

Most of all, don’t allow perfectionism or fear of failure to stop you from experiencing new things. Be open to new ways of thinking, new people, and new experiences. You might just find that letting go actually boosts your well-being, your relationships, and your performance. A. Listen to your emotions. B. So, take regular breaks at work.

C. Seek advice from qualified health professionals.

D. Your failings will seem less significant and you’ll reduce the urge to be perfect. E. However, when perfectionism gets out of control, it can do more harm than good. F. Perfectionists often set objectives so high that there’s little hope of ever achieving them. G. If you’re afraid to make mistakes, it’s difficult to generate new ideas and seize opportunities.

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分， 共12分）。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。

Two hundred years ago, a device began to dominate the world of work—the clock. With its arrival, people were paid on the basis of how many hours they worked, rather than their material output, and were required by the owner to turn up for a set shift.

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The clock’s authoritarian rule may at last be weakening. Working remotely has brought a greater degree of freedom. A survey across six countries found that flexible working was viewed very positively, improving both people’s work-life balance and productivity. Flexible workers even scored more highly on a sense of “belonging” to their organization than those on a nine-to-five schedule.

It is hardly surprising that workers prefer flexibility. Working a rigid eight-hour schedule is incredibly restricting. Those are also the hours when most shops are open, when doctors and dentists will take appointments, and when repairmen are willing to visit. Parents on a conventional routine may be able to take their children to school in the morning but are unlikely to be able to pick them up in the afternoon. Many families find themselves constantly struggling with schedules and giving up precious holiday time to deal with domestic emergencies.

On reflection, it is not too shocking that home-workers feel they are more productive. After all, few people have the ability to concentrate solidly for eight hours at a stretch. There are points in the day where people want to stare out of the window or go for a walk; these may be moments when they find inspiration or recharge themselves for the next task. When they do this in an office, they risk the boss’s disapproval; at home, they can work when they are most motivated.

Of course, working remotely carries dangers: people may lose all separation between work and home life, and are likely to be stressed. To inject some human contact, companies may embrace a mixed model in which workers go into the office for part of the week. But overall, office-workers’ freedom from time restrictions is to be welcomed. The clock was a cruel master and many people will be happy to escape its dominion. 40. What decided the workers’ pay after the clock appeared? 41. Please paraphrase the underlined sentence in your own words.

42. Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why. Working remotely is viewed positively because it brings lots of benefits and it is perfect. 43. As a student, what do you think of remote learning? (about 40 words)

（请务必将答案写在答题卡指定区域内）

第二节（20分）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim曾经在你校读书，想了解学校有哪些变化，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：

1. 学校的变化； 2. 你的感受。

注意: 1.词数100左右；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

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Yours, Li Hua

（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）

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2021北京西城高三（上）期末英语

参

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共15 分） 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．C

第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共15 分） 11. but 12. telling 13. worried 14. was founded 15. has taken 16. problems 17. to improve 18. popularity 19. for 20. that/which

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节（共14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）

21．C 22．B 23．A 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．B 30．C 31．C 32．A 33．D 34．D 第二节（共5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 35．E 36．F 37．A 38．D 39．B

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节

40. The number of hours they worked.

41. People’s lives are greatly restricted by the fixed working hours.

42. Working remotely is viewed positively because it brings lots of benefits and it is perfect.

According to the passage, remote working also has its drawbacks, such as making people lose all separation between work and home life, and making people feel stressed. 43. 略 第二节

One possible version: Dear Jim,

I’m more than elated to inform you of some changes in our school at your request.

Renovated in 2019, the main buildings now have a modern feel, with dark orange walls and white borders. Meanwhile, the whole campus is bursting with vigor, full of recently-planted trees and flowers.

Hardware facilities have been upgraded, including new blackboards and computers in the classrooms. The school

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library, which has been under repair during the last three months, will reopen next week. It is said that the library will seat more students and the librarians have restocked the library shelves with large quantities of new books.

I am glad to witness these changes. They have provided us a better place to study and live. Frankly speaking, I will have a hard time leaving after graduation.

All the best. Yours, Li Hua

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一饭千金

帮助汉高祖打平天下的大将韩信，在未得志时，境况很是困苦。那时候，他时常往城下钓鱼，希望碰着好运气，便可以解决生活。但是，这究竟不是可靠的办法，因此，时常要饿着肚子。幸而在他时常钓鱼的地方，有很多漂母（清洗丝棉絮或旧衣布的老婆婆）在河边作工的，其中有一个漂母，很同情韩信的遭遇，便不断的救济他，给他饭吃。韩信在艰难困苦中，得到那位以勤劳克苦仅能以双手勉强糊口的漂母的恩惠，很是感激她，便对她说，将来必定要重重的报答她。那漂母听了韩信的话，很是不高兴，表示并不希望韩信将来报答她的。后来，韩信替汉王立了不少功劳，被封为楚王，他想起从前曾受过漂母的恩惠，便命从人送酒菜给她吃，更送给她黄金一千两来答谢她。

这句成语就是出于这个故事的。它的意思是说：受人的恩惠，切莫忘记，虽然所受的恩惠很是微小，但在困难时，即使一点点帮助也是很可贵的；到我们有能力时，应该重重地报答施惠的人才是合理。

【感恩小结】

感恩，是结草衔环，是滴水之恩涌泉相报。 感恩，是一种美德，是一种境界。

感恩，是值得你用一生去等待的一次宝贵机遇。 感恩，是值得你用一生去完成的一次世纪壮举。 感恩，是值得你用一生去珍视的一次爱的教育。

感恩，不是为求得心理平衡的喧闹的片刻答谢，而是发自内心的无言的永恒回报。 感恩，让生活充满阳光，让世界充满温馨……

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