2016新四六级翻译部分必备五大类词汇(经济、历史、教育、社会、科技).pdf

此篇翻译部分必备五大类词汇涵盖经济商业、历史文化、科技生活、教育发展、社会民生等四六级必考的五大类。

资料我选取自各处，有网上资源、有四六级真题、有口译翻译教程等，将其整合起来供大家所用。

特别说明：四级考生至少要把画粗线的黑体部分单词记忆下来，六级考生尽量抽时间多背。

1经济商业类

现代化modernization

经济全球化economicglobalization国际地位internationalstatus/standing贸易惯例tradepractice股东stockholder合伙人partner

耗费时间的time-consuming决策decision-making商业冒险；企业项目venture收益return精英elite招待会reception

1

谋利seekgain创新innovation利益集团interestgroup推进promote;advance;pushon主题subject

国内生产总值GDP（grossdomesticproduct）履行perform;fulfill;carryout信守observe条约treaty共赢win-win

福祉welfare;happiness停滞beatastandstill倒退gobackwards追求pursue普遍性universality基础设施infrastructure拉动stimulate

战略规划strategicprogram总需求aggregatedemand总供给aggregatesupply

企业文化corporate/entrepreneurialculture企业形象corporateimage(Cl);enterpriseimage公司cross-nationalcorporation

2

创业精神enterprisingspirit;pioneeringspirit外资企业foreign-fundedenterprise猎头公司head-hunter假日经济holidayeconomy人力资本humancapital

航空和航天工业aerospaceindustry飞机制造工业aircraftindustry电子工业electronicindustry汽车制造工业carindustry娱乐业entertainmentindustry信息产业informationindustry

知识密集型产业knowledge-intensiveindustry

国有大中型企业largeandmedium-sizedstate-ownedenterprises轻工业lightindustry业lotteryindustry制造业manufacturingindustry垄断行业monopolyindustries市场多元化marketdiversification市场经济marketeconomy市场监管marketsupervision购买力purchasingpower熊市bearmarket

3

牛市bullmarket城镇化urbanization房地产realestate首付down-payment业主homeowner

个人购房贷款individualhousingloan经济全球化economicglobalization经济特区specialeconomiczones(SEZ)经济增长economicgrowthbubbleeconomy

关税tariff纳税人taxpayer宏观经济macroeconomy

货币投放量thesizeofmoneysupply流动性过剩excessliquidity经济过热overheatedeconomy通货膨胀inflation抑制通货膨胀curbinflation注入流动性toinjectliquidity贴现率discountrate

存款准备金率reserverequirementratio(RRR)公开市场业务openmarketoperation(OMO)

4

逆回购reverserepurchaseagreement;reverserepo

引导降低市场借贷成本toguidethemarketborrowingcoststoalowerlevel稳健的货币prudentmonetarypolicy微调货币tofine-tunemonetarypolicy硬着陆hardlanding软着陆softlanding

二十国集团GroupofTwenty(G2O)财政FinanceMinister

全年预期经济增长目标theexpectedgrowthtargetforthewholeyear经济活力economicvitality

大规模经济刺激计划amassiveeconomicstimuluspackage结构改革structuralreform硬资产hardassets软资产softassets有形资产tangibleassets经济走廊economiccorridor

整顿市场秩序torectifythemarketorder反垄断antitrust;anti-monopoly定价浮动pricefluctuations谋求利益最大化tomaximizeprofit债务审计auditofdebt

地方性债务localgovernmentdebt/liability

5

公共财政改革anoverhaulofthepublicfinancesystem债务管理debtmanagement信用支持creditsupport价值观体系valuesystem融资financing

2社会民生类

社会地位socialstatus社会保障socialsecurity城际巴士shuttlebus

大龄青年singleyouthabovethenormalmatrimonialage独生子女theonlychildinafamily单亲singleparent福利彩票welfarelotteries

家政服务householdmanagementservice民工migrantlaborers名人celebrity

农村剩余劳动力surplusrurallabor/laborers

青春youth青春期puberty

全民健身运动nationwidefitnesscampaign

6

全国人口普查nationwidecensus社会保险socialinsurance

暂住证temporaryresidencepermit/card青少年犯罪juveniledelinquency性骚扰sexualharassment走私smuggling

歧视discrimination

性别歧视gender/sexualdiscrimination年龄歧视agediscrimination工作歧视jobdiscrimination文盲illiteracy

分化disparitybetweentherichandthepoor盗版pirated/illegalcopies

一国两制OneCountry,TwoSystems三个代表theThreeRepresentsTheory

（、政协）TwoConferences(NPCandCPPCC)南南合作South-SouthCooperation南北对话North-SouthDialog

常委会People’sCongressStandingCommittee法制观念awarenessoflaw

法制国家acountrywithanadequatelegalsystem改革开放reformandopening-up

7

公务员civilservants

和谐并存harmoniouscoexistence计划生育familyplanning

计划生育基本国策thebasicstatepolicyoffamilyplanning精神文明建设theconstructionofspiritualcivilization居委会neighborhoodcommittee

科教兴国nationalrejuvenationthroughscienceandeducation可持续发展sustainabledevelopment廉洁高效honestyandhighefficiencycross-straitsrelations两岸谈判cross-straitsnegotiations领土完整territorialintegrity民族精神nationalspirit普选制generalelectionsystem

求同存异seekcommongroundwhileshelvingdifferencesNPCmember

物质文明和精神文明materialandspiritualcivilization小康社会awell-offsociety小康水平awell-offstandard一个中国原则theone-Chinaprinciple与时俱进keeppacewiththetimes综合国力overallnationalstrength

8

共同愿望commondesire“走出去”（战略）goingglobal不结盟non-alignment单边主义unilateralism多边multilateralism多极世界multipolarworld人口老龄化agingofpopulation人口出生率birthrate社区月服务communityservice道德法庭courtofethics盗用embezzlement

3教育发展类

高等教育机构institutionsofhigherlearning中国教育工作者Chineseeducators经典著作classicbooks职业学校vocationalschool开设课程offeracourse课程curriculum

表明showclearly;indicate

9

教育设施educationalfacilities教育投入investmentineducation

九年义务教育nine-yearcompulsoryeducation学校管理委员会schoolboard

引入人才recruit/introduce(foreign)talents成人夜校nightschoolforadults在职进修班on-jobtrainingcourses

政治思想教育politicalandideologicaleducation毕业生分配graduateplacement;assignmentofgraduate充电updateone’sknowledge初等教育elementaryeducation

高等教育highereducation大学城collegetown大学社区collegecommunity

高等教育“211工程”the“211Project”forhighereducation高等学府institutionofhighereducation综合性大学comprehensiveuniversity文科院校collegesof(liberal)arts

理工科大学college/universityofscienceandengineering师范学院teachers’college;normalcollege高分低能highscoresandlowabilities

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高考(university/college)entranceexamination高校扩招thecollegeexpansionplan教育界educationcircle教育投入inputineducation

考研taketheentranceexamsforpostgraduateschools课外活动extracurricularactivities必修课required/compulsorycourse选修课elective/optionalcourse基础课basiccourses专业课specializedcourses课程表schoolschedule

教学大纲teachingprogram;syllabus学习年限periodofschooling学历recordofformalschooling学分credit

启发式教学heuristicteaching人才交流talentexchange

人才战competitionfortalentedpeople商务英语证书BusinessEnglishCertificate(BEC)

适龄儿重入学率enrollmentrateforchildrenofschoolage升学率enrollmentrate

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硕博连读acontinuousacademicprojectthatinvolvespostgraduateanddoctoralstudy

素质教育quality-orientededucation填鸭式教学crammingmethodofteaching希望工程ProjectHope

走读生extern;non-residentstudent住宿生boarder

研究生graduatestudent;post-graduate(student)应届毕业生graduatingstudent;currentyear’sgraduate校园数字化campusdigitalization校园文化campusculture

学汉语热enthusiasminlearningChinese

学历教育educationwithrecordofformalschooling学龄儿重school-ager学前教育preschooleducation

学生减负alleviatetheburdenonstudents应试教育exam-orientededucation职业道德workethics;professionalethics记者招待会pressconference国家教委StateEducationCommission国家统计局StateStatisticalBureau职业培训jobtraining

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职业文盲functionalilliterate智商intelligencequotient(IQ)

助学行动activitytoassisttheimpoverishedstudents

4科技生活类

网络世界cyberworld网络文化cyberculture网络犯罪cybercrime网上购物onlineshopping

高产优质highyieldandhighquality高科技园high-techpark工业园区industrialpark

火炬计划TorchProgram(aplantodevelopnewandhightechnology)信息港informationport信息informationrevolution电子货币e-currency

人工智能artificialintelligence(AI)生物技术bio-technology克隆cloning

基因工程geneticengineering

转基因食品geneticallymodifiedfood(GMfood)

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试管婴儿test-tubebaby基因哭变geneticmutation网络出版e-publishing

三维电影three-dimensionalmovie光谷opticalvalley虚拟银行virtualbank信息化informationization

信息高速公路informationsuperhighway

新兴学科newbranchofscience;emergingdiscipline纳米nanometer

个人数字助理personaldigitalassistant(PDA)生态农业environment-friendlyagriculture技术密集产品technology-intensiveproduct数码科技digitaltechnology同步卫星geostationarysatellite

神舟五号载人飞船mannedspacecraftShenzhouV风云二号气象卫星FengyunIImeteorologicalsatellite登月舱lunarmodule

多任务小卫星smallmulti-missionsatellite(SMMS)多媒体短信服务MultimediaMessagingService(MMS)电子商务e-business;e-commerce电子管理e-management

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办公自动化OfficeAutomation(OA)信息高地informationhighland信息检索informationretrieval电话会议teleconference无土栽培soillesscultivation超级杂交水稻super-hybridrice

科技发展scientificandtechnologicaladvancement重点项目keyproject

国家重点工程nationalkeyprojects南水北调South-to-Northwaterdiversion

西电东送West-Eastelectricitytransmissionproject西气东输West-Eastnaturalgastransmissionproject网络造谣fabricatingonlinerumors

恶意侵害他人名誉maliciouslyharmingthereputationofothers停止月服务closure/shutdownofservice公司歇业closureofbusiness道路封闭roadclosure

人为操作差错man-madeoperationalmistakes生态系统ecosystem

森林生态系统forestecosystem海洋生态系统marineecosystem垄断价格tomonopolizetheprice

15

垄断市场tomonopolize/forestall/captive/cornerthemarket限购私用汽车tocurbthepurchaseofvehiclesforprivateuse汽车限购vehiclepurchaserestrictions汽车购买配额vehiclepurchasequotas车牌摇号alotteryforlicenseplates

牌照单双号限行odd-evenlicenseplatesystem黑名单制度ablacklistsystem

执业医师practicingphysician;licenseddoctors二代身份证2nd-generationIDcards防伪技术anti-forgerytechnology非法交易illegaltransaction冒名顶替identificationfraud洗钱moneylaundering挂失toreporttheloss补办tore-apply/post-register户籍householdregistration居住证residencepermit山洪暴发flashfloods水位waterlevel低洼地区low-lyingareas淹没农田toinundatecrops

16

大桥崩塌bridgecollapse

最严重受灾地区worst-hit/worst-strickenarea

直接经济损失directeconomicloss应急系统emergencyresponsesystem闯红灯runningredlight

遮挡、污损号牌blockingordefacinglicenseplates扣分处罚pointpenalty酒驾drunkdriving

终身禁驾lifetimebanfromdriving退休金pension出资contribution税收taxation津贴allowance

能源消耗energyconsumption污染物pollutant排放discharge

全球变暖globalwarming民主化democratization

5历史文化类戏剧drama/opera

话剧moderndrama/stageplay

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戏曲Chineselocalopera交响乐symphony音响acoustic/sound节奏rhythm京剧Pekingopera功夫Kungfo太极TaiChi木偶戏puppetshow皮影戏shadowplay杂技acrobatics

相声wittydialoguecomedy刺绣embroidery苏绣Suzhouembroidery织锦brocade泥人clayfigure书法calligraphy

中国画traditionalChinesepainting水墨画Chinesebrushpainting中国结Chineseknot

中国古代四大发明thefourgreatinventionsofancientChina火药gunpowder印刷术printing

18

造纸术paper-making指南针thecompass青铜器bronzeware瓷器porcelain;china

唐三彩tri-colorglazedpotteryoftheTangDynasty景泰蓝cloisonne秋千swing武术martialarts儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化Confucianculture道教Taoism墨家Mohism法家Legalism佛教Buddhism孔子Confucius孟子Mencius老子LaoTzu庄子ChuangTzu墨子MoTzu孙子SunTzu

象形文字pictographiccharacters文房四宝（笔墨纸观）

19

theFourTreasuresoftheStudy(brush,inkstick,paper,andinkstone)八股文eight-partessay五言绝句five-characterquatrain七言律诗seven-characteroctave旗袍cheongsam中山装Chinesetunicsuit唐装Tangsuit

风水Fengshui;geomanticomen阳历Solarcalendar阴历Lunarcalendar闰年leapyear十二生肖zodiac春节theSpringFestival元宵节theLanternFestival清明节theTomb-sweepingDay端午节theDragon-boatFestival中秋节theMid-autumnDay重阳节theDouble-ninthDay七夕节theDouble-seventhDay春联springcouplets庙会templefair爆竹firecracker

20

年画（traditional)NewYearpictures压岁钱NewYeargift-money舞龙dragondance

元宵sweetstickyricedumplings花灯festivallantern灯谜lanternriddle舞狮liondance踩高跷stiltwalking赛龙舟dragonboatrace胡同hutong

菜系cuisine

山东菜Shandongcuisine川菜Sichuancuisine粤菜Cantoncuisine扬州菜Yangzhoucuisine月饼mooncake年糕ricecake

油条deep-frieddoughsticks豆浆soybeanmilk馒头steamedbuns花卷steamedtwistedrolls包子steamedstuffedbuns

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北京烤鸭Beijingroastduck拉面hand-stretchednoodles馄饨wonton(dumplingsinsoup)豆腐tofu/beancurd麻花frieddoughtwist烧饼clayovenrolls

皮蛋100-yearegg;centuryegg蛋炒饭friedricewithegg糖葫芦tomatoesonsticks火锅hotpot

长城theGreatWallofChina烽火台beacontower

秦士台皇陵theMausoleumofEmperorQinshihuang兵马俑TerracottaWarriorsandHorses大雁塔BigWildGoosePagoda丝绸之路theSilkRoad敦煌莫高窟MogaoGrottoes华清池HuaqingHotSprings五台山WutaiMountain九华山JiuhuaMountain蛾眉山MountEmei泰山MountTai

22

黄山MountHuangshan;theYellowMountain故宫theImperialPalace天坛theTempleofHeaven午门MeridianGate大运河GrandCanal护城河theMoat回音壁EchoWall居庸关JuyongguanPass九龙壁theNineDragonWall

黄帝陵theMausoleumofEmperorHuangdi十三陵theMingTombs苏州园林Suzhougardens西湖WestLake九寨沟JiuzhaigouValley日月潭SunMoonLake布达拉宫PotalaPalace鼓楼drumtower

四合院quadrangle;courtyardcomplex孔庙ConfuciusTemple乐山大佛LeshanGiantBuddha

十八罗汉theEighteenDisciplesoftheBuddha喇嘛Lama

23

转世灵重reincarnatedsoulboy中药traditionalChinesemedicine

《黄帝内经》EmperorHuangdi，sCanonofTraditionalChineseMedicine《神农本草经》Shennong，sHerbalClassic《本草纲目》CompendiumofMateriaMedica针灸acupuncture推拿medicalmassage切脉feelingthepulse五禽戏five-animalexercises旧石器时代thePaleolithicAge

新石器时代theNeolithicAge;NewStoneAge母系氏族社会matriarchalclansociety封建的feudal朝代dynasty秦朝QinDynasty汉朝HanDynasty唐朝TangDynasty宋朝SongDynasty元朝YuanDynasty明朝MingDynasty清朝QingDynasty

秦士台皇帝EmperorQinshihuang;theFirstEmperorofQin

24

皇太后EmpressDowager

汉高祖刘邦LiuBang,EmperorHangaozu,founderoftheHanDynasty成吉思汗GenghisKhan

春秋时期theSpringandAutumnPeriod文成公主TangPrincessWencheng慈禧太后EmpressDowagerCiXi皇帝，君主emperor;monarch诸侯vassal

皇妃imperialconcubine丞相，宰相primeminister太监courteunuch少数民族ethnicminority祭祀offersacrifices西域theWesternRegions战国theWarringStates中华文明Chinesecivilization文明的摇篮cradleofcivilization

秦始皇统一中国unificationofthecountrybyEmperorQinshihuang鸦片战争theOpiumWar

太平天国theTaipingHeavenlyKingdom戌戌变法theReformMovementof18辛亥the1911Revolution

25

新民主主义New-democraticRevolution五四运动theMay4thMovementof1919南昌NanchangUprising918事变September18thIncident长征theLongMarch西安事变Xi\"anIncident南京大NanjingMassacre

抗日战争theWarofResistanceAgainstJapanMaoTse-tong孙中山SunYat-sen蒋介石ChiangKai-shekKuomingtang

中华人民共和国thePeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC)满族Manchu蒙古人Mongol士大夫scholar-officials学者scholar诗人poet政治家statesman戏剧家dramatist评论家commentator柱子pillar

26

大理石marble

古典园林classicalgarden

亭台楼阁pavilion,terrace,andtower假山rockery池塘pond

回廊曲径windingcorridorandpath宏伟秀丽magnificent钱币coin

修缮renovate;repair茶楼tea-house跨文化的cross-cultural交际，交流communication风景如画picturesque

文人墨客menofletters;writersandpoets古都ancientcapital

孔子学院ConfuciusInstitute;TheInstituteofConfucius孕育givebirthto;nurture;produce不可或缺indispensable难以忘怀unforgettable缩影epitome地球村globalvillage大红灯笼redlanterns

丝竹乐器traditionalstringedandwoodwindmusicinstruments

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